Interest rate (interest? Rate), formally speaking, refers to the ratio of interest to total loan capital in a certain period of time. Interest rate is the interest level of unit currency in unit time, indicating the amount of interest. Economists have been trying to find a set of theories that can fully explain the structure and changes of interest rates. Interest rates are usually controlled by the national central bank and managed by the US Federal Reserve. So far, all countries regard interest rate as one of the important tools of macro-control. When the economy is overheated and inflation rises, it will raise interest rates and tighten credit; When the economy is overheated and inflation is controlled, interest rates will be lowered appropriately. Therefore, interest rate is one of the important basic economic factors. Interest rate is an important financial variable in economics, and almost all financial phenomena and financial assets are related to interest rate to some extent.