Baiquan county is located in the northeast of Songnen sag in the second subsidence zone of New China. From east to west, there are extremely thick Paleogene continental clastic rocks and extremely thick Paleogene Yi 'an Formation coal-bearing shale (including several layers of silt and fine sandstone). Loose sandstone, glutenite and sandy mudstone of Sunwu Formation of Paleogene.
Baiquan County is densely covered with hills and rivers, with a large proportion of shallow mountains and low hills. It has obvious continental monsoon climate characteristics, with an average annual rainfall of 490 mm, an average annual accumulated temperature of 2454.5℃, an average annual sunshine of 2730 hours and a frost-free period of 122 days. The county has 30 million tons of bentonite, quartz sand14.35 million tons, natural mineral water 3 1.2-38.4 cubic meters, and mineral resources such as laterite, phosphorus, molybdenum silicide and peat.