First of all, the nature of liabilities is different. Bank liabilities are mainly deposits of institutions, enterprises and institutions and residents' savings deposits, while Evergrande liabilities are mainly bank loans. ICBC has hundreds of millions of deposits and withdrawals every day, and keeps stable deposits and increases deposits. Business liquidity is very strong, and there will be no crisis due to cash withdrawal. However, Evergrande's loan must be repaid at maturity, and insufficient liquidity will lead to crisis. Once a default occurs and credit declines, banks will not increase new loans.
Second, the use is different. Bank liabilities are mainly used for various loans, and eligible loans are issued in accordance with the provisions of the People's Bank of China and the China Banking Regulatory Commission. The loan term and deposit term are mismatched, so as to keep the balance between recovering the loan and paying the deposit at maturity. Evergrande's loan is used for the development and operation of real estate, and whether the loan can be repaid to the bank depends on the sales of the expired real estate. Once the sales are poor and the payment is difficult, it is a breach of contract and unable to repay the loan. If banks stop lending or compress loans according to the market or default, the capital chain will break.
Third, credit is different. China Industrial and Commercial Bank is recognized as the first universal bank in the world. It is backed by national credit and has its own brand charm. It is "a bank around you, a reliable bank", and people are more assured to put their money in ICBC. Evergrande's credit rating is mainly based on its own operating conditions. Bank credit can only be obtained according to credit rating.
Fourth, the liabilities are different. Banks are not afraid of debt. The more debt, the better. They can issue more loans and create more profits. Evergrande is different. The greater its debt, the greater its burden, and the heavier its burden, thus reducing its profit rate. According to statistics, Evergrande borrowed from 128 banks last year. According to the data not reported in June last year, the total liabilities were as high as 1.97 trillion yuan, the total assets were 2.38 trillion yuan, and the total asset-liability ratio exceeded 82.77%. Repayment of loans and interest occurs almost every day, and it is difficult to cope without sufficient cash flow.
Fifth, the industry environment is different. China Industrial and Commercial Bank is a large state-owned commercial bank. At any time, its operation is less affected by periodic fluctuations and its cash flow is abundant. The non-performing rate is controlled within a reasonable range, and there is no risk of capital chain breakage. Evergrande belongs to the real estate industry and is greatly influenced by policy regulation. The golden age of the real estate industry has passed. In the first half of the year, Evergrande's sales amounted to 654.38+0.23 billion yuan. Compared with loans, the cash flow gap is too big, default is inevitable and debt crisis is inevitable.