Wang Mang is carrying out a comprehensive and profound reform, which is different from other reforms in grasping the system. Wang Mang's reform is profound and forward-looking, and has certain socialist thoughts.
Wang Mang, a giant word (people who can think of this word are too brave), the new dynasty established by Wang Mang took the title of "new", which was called "new dynasty" for short in history. It is estimated that it was inspired by the game Glorious History of the Three Kingdoms. Players who have played the series of History of the Three Kingdoms like to hold the banner of the new dynasty. Wang Mang was especially hostile to Xiongnu and Bangzi, and he had made many expeditions to the east to drive Xiongnu out of the northern grassland. After that, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty took an active part and ordered that "Xiongnu Khan" be changed to "handmaiden's clothes" and "Koguryo" be reduced to "the next sentence", which only modern people can think of. He also demoted the king of the minority regime to Hou, which shows that the traveler is a nationalist.
1. Wang Mang named an army "Tu Yong the Pig". It seems that he initiated it. Is it because he plays too much?
Wang Mang encourages scientific experiments and inventions. At present, it is recognized by historians that Wang Mang's period is an important period in the development history of ancient science and technology in China. Science and technology developed rapidly during this period. Regarding the importance of new technology, Wang Mang experimented with many new things that Confucianism has become strange, and dissected the human body himself. Wang Mang encourages scientific experiments and inventions. In A.D. 18, Wang Mang learned that skilled craftsmen could make flying machines. This aircraft is made of the feathers of a big bird, and then it can fly hundreds of steps. Wang Mang immediately summoned him, personally watched his performance and supported his flight experiment. Wang Mang is also an inventor, so it is estimated that people who come across like to invent something.
He invented the vernier caliper, aiming at unifying the national measurement. This vernier caliper is very similar to the modern vernier caliper in terms of principle, performance and application, which is 1700 years earlier than the west.
3. Nationalization of land and prohibition of private sale. In addition, the land will be redistributed, and a pair of landless farmers will get 100 acre of land. The state will make up for the deficiency, nationalize the land, and private individuals are not allowed to buy or sell land. People with per capita land 100 mu, who occupy more land, whether rich or ordinary people, should immediately and unconditionally hand over their land and distribute it to the poor. Land is not allowed to be mortgaged. This is land reform! Isn't this a typical embodiment of socialism? Is it just another version of land reform? At that time, it was a feudal system, relying on landlords. Follwed quickly offended the landlord, which was not good for follwed. Instead, it touched the big landlord class and was later overthrown by powerful landlords everywhere. Only travelers will have the idea of socialist system.
3. Abolish slavery. At that time, Wang Mang hated slavery very much and banned the sale of handmaiden, but the real ban on the sale of handmaiden was abolished after liberation. It seems that Wang Mang has the glorious thought that all men are created equal in modern times. In fact, the Han Dynasty was a semi-serf country. Wang Mang thinks that buying and selling handmaiden violates the principle of "the nature of heaven and earth is precious" and stipulates that handmaiden is "private property" and may not be bought or sold. Wang Mang tried to limit the expansion of the scope and number of slaves by restricting the sale of handmaiden, so that they eventually died naturally. Human life is the noblest between heaven and earth, which was once the slogan put forward by Wang Mang! Buyers and sellers are evil acts of "going against human relations" and must be stopped immediately.
4. Wang Mang forced unemployed vagrants to work, and vagrants without specific jobs must be given a piece of cloth every year, or work, accommodation and meals shall be borne by the state. It seems that the traveler hated those who got something for nothing before he died.
5. The state monopoly policy of state-owned enterprises is that wine, iron and salt are all owned by the state, and the state issues coins in a unified way, which used to be minted by the rich. Moreover, natural resources mines in mountains and rivers are all state-owned, and private miners have to levy taxes and register business licenses. This is typical state capitalism. Isn't this a state monopoly? State-owned economy as the main body, macro-control of market economy.
6. Planned economic policy, Wang Mang implemented government price control, forbidding businessmen to hoard goods and speculate, and businessmen bought and sold goods at will below the government price, a bit like today's price bureau. When the supply exceeds the demand, the government buys at the cost price, and when the supply exceeds the demand, the government sells at the normal price to eliminate the gap between the rich and the poor. The typical planned economy shows that this traveler is willing to live in the 1970s and 1980s. The price is higher than the municipal level, and the company sells it at the municipal level; Below the market level, listen to people's business; When food, cloth, silk and other necessities are unsalable, they shall be purchased by the municipal officials at the current price.
7. Loan system. Farmers who do business can borrow money from the state, and the state collects one-tenth of the profits. If the state conducts sacrifices or funerals, it can borrow money without interest!
8. Taxation: Wang Mang levied income tax on craftsmen or business activities involving buying and selling to stabilize prices and loan expenses.
9. Wang Mang is also an economic thinker, and he was named by later generations. He put forward the theory of planned economy well. Six cities, Chang 'an, Luoyang, Handan, Linzi, Wan and Chengdu, were set up with "five generals as city ambassadors", that is, "five generals as officials", with the former commander-in-chief and chief. Responsible for evaluating prices, regulating the market, handling credit loans, collecting taxes and other affairs. Evaluation price means that the marketing department of Wu Jun Company should regularly evaluate the prices of major products on the market; Regulating the market refers to controlling the market supply, buying at a reasonable price when the goods are unsalable, and selling at a fair price when the prices of the goods rise, so as to maintain the market order; Handling credit loans refers to handling interest-free loans or low-interest loans according to the actual situation to help individuals and enterprises alleviate financial difficulties; Tax collection refers to the collection of Yamazawa tax and other miscellaneous taxes. He came up with this by himself, which is suitable for use now.
10. For Wang Mang, the most advanced is the reform of the monetary system. At present, I don't know what his system is, but Wang Mang has created a "treasure coin system" which combines the main and auxiliary coins in the history of world coinage, which has had a great influence on the monetary system of later generations. This is the common currency system in the world today. Wang Mang changed the previous gold bars into some currencies with exquisite workmanship but insufficient value, which is simply a replica of modern monetary reform. But I seem to have done something else, and I still couldn't accept it at that time. Historians believe that his greatest failure was currency reform. Regarding the currency issued by Wang Mang, Chinese coin collectors have always regarded it as the highest peak of coin casting in China. No matter the casting process or the inscription process, it has never surpassed it in the future, and it is far from perfect. Now a follwed coin is worth tens of millions.
Wang Mang also formulated an epoch-making official system. The central government has set up four assistants, four generals, three members of the public, nine ministers and six supervisors. Separate state administrative affairs from court affairs. The "Four Assistants" are the participating institutions of Wang Mang's regime, the "Three Offices" are the central decision-making institutions of Wang Mang's regime (the same as the Qin system), and the "Four Generals" are the military institutions of the new central government. Locally, the whole country is divided into Kyushu and 125 counties. But it is said that it is very confusing, and no map can understand it.
Wang Mang's thought should never have appeared at that time, because his thought was completely out of touch with the social productive forces and development level at that time! Counting the emergence of new ideas in world history is related to the development of social production at that time. Of course, there are advanced ideas, but none of them has been ahead of Rainbow for nearly two thousand years. The policy of Wang Mang's restructuring is a replica of China's planned economy in the 1970s! Wang Mang was born in a famous family and accepted Confucian culture at most since he was a child, but why did he have such advanced ideas? This kind of thought was absolutely impossible in that era when the feudal system was not so perfect! If Wang Mang appeared in the19th century, he was undoubtedly a successful reformer, and Wang Mang's advanced ideas were absolutely amazing. Wang Mang also pointed out that in ancient dynasties (in fact, modern society), people were born equal and had the idea of great harmony. After careful analysis, I think that Wang Mang's brilliant idea of equality for all will never appear in the head of a person who has lived in an aristocratic family since childhood. A relatively closed educational thought since childhood, a world and soil ravaged by feudal system, is. Wang Mang is a traveler!
If Daxin is orthodox, many sciences cannot explain it.