The condolences are as follows:
Workers, farmers, troops, students, staff of state organs and all working comrades dispatched by the Central South Flood Control Headquarters and the East China Administrative Committee to participate in the Yangtze River flood control;
During the flood season this year, due to the special meteorological conditions, heavy rains have been concentrated in the Yangtze River basin for a long time, resulting in a once-in-a-century catastrophic flood in the Yangtze River.
Under the leadership of party committees and people's governments at all levels, you have worked tirelessly to fight for protection day and night, and defended the safety of people's lives and property and agricultural production in important cities along the Yangtze River, industrial and mining, transportation and vast areas under the condition of exceeding the highest water level in previous years.
Your heroic struggle has played an important role in ensuring the smooth progress of China's socialist construction. This is a glorious and arduous task, which should be appreciated and respected by the people of the whole country.
At present, the flood control of the Yangtze River has entered the most urgent stage and is close to the final victory stage. I would like to express my deep condolences to you. And hope to pay close attention, resolutely defend, overcome all difficulties and make persistent efforts to win the final victory over the flood.
In mid-August, with the rise of flood control levees, the flood control headquarters ordered the construction of many small levees outside the levees according to the street pavement, which enhanced the flood control function.
The dike reinforcement project, together with the later projects, consists of seven phases, so that the main dikes in the three towns have reached the flood control goal of "rising water and rising dikes".
1954 There were 20,000 dangerous situations in flood season, including 2,646 major ones.
Of the 2,646 important risks, 9 are classified as major risks, namely:
Leakage of large pipelines inside and outside the wall of Wuhan Pass; The sewer at the intersection of Hanzheng Street and Li Ji collapsed; The back wall of Shanghai Road pump house along the river in Hankou is seriously flooded; The forehead bay is off the slope; Leakage and falling of Danchi pipeline; Wuqing dike has a large slope; Leakage of large pipeline of Wutai sluice; The waterproof wall of Wannianmen collapsed; At the intersection of Vu Thang, the skylight of the sewer overflowed.
In order to meet the needs of emergency rescue work, a rescue brigade was established under the leadership of the general command in early July, and then expanded into a rescue corps. The headquarters set up rescue brigades and workshops set up rescue squadrons, with 20,000 to 20,000 backbone members and 40,000 reserve members. There are 69 emergency rescue vehicles and special equipment such as tugboats, landing craft, iron barges and wooden barges to deal with dangerous situations in time.
19 at 7: 00 on July 7, mian yang Yu Wang Gong Kou was flooded with a total amount of 8.46 billion cubic meters; At 5 o'clock on July 27, Honghu Lake was flooded; On July 29th, Land Rover Lake was flooded; At 6 o'clock on August 7, Liangzi Lake diverted the flood.
Jingjiang flood diversion gate has been opened for flood diversion three times.
On August 4th, at 14, the hudong dike and xiaojiazui opened, diverting 4.8 billion cubic meters of flood water.
On August 6th, Huxi Mountain Dam was opened, and Huangtianhu Drainage Gate was opened. At 22: 00 on August 7, Zhijiang Bailizhou opened the floodgate to store flood water.
At 8 o'clock on the 8 th, the Linzhou levee at the north gate was opened, and Jianli was diverted to the upper bay mouth, with a total amount of 29. 1 100 million cubic meters; On August 28th, the floodgates were opened again for flood diversion.
The total amount of flood diversion is 54.8 billion cubic meters, which effectively reduces the threat of flood peak, delays the rising speed of flood, and buys time for flood control in Wuhan. The dike projects in each stage are always ahead of the flood.
1954 During the flood season, there was not only much rain, large amount of water and high velocity, but also strong wind, which seriously threatened the safety of dikes.
The number of windy days in Wuhan from July to September is 58 days, accounting for about two-thirds. The maximum wind power is 6, 7 and 8 respectively, which also exceeds the maximum wind power in the same month in previous years.
Due to the strong wind and wide water surface, waves with a height of more than 65,438+0 meters have been set off. Faced with the serious threat of wind and waves to the dike, the original wave prevention measures such as hanging reed rafts, reed bundles or reed mats, and loading rocks and soil with sacks have been unable to withstand the impact of huge wind and waves on the dike body.
The municipal flood control headquarters decided to use the existing wood in Hanyang Parrot Island to try to tie rafts to prevent waves from July 2 1 day.
After the raft was laid in the section from Gusaoshu to Gangban in Zhang Gongdi, it was hit by the northeast wind of magnitude 8 or above for more than 40 hours on July 28th and 29th, which showed the function of the raft in preventing waves.
The peaks in the raft are scattered and slow, which reduces the erosion damage to the embankment. The original wave-proof facilities in the woodless embankment section were swept away by the wind and waves. Xiao Zhang's dike was defeated.
On this basis, from the forbidden port to the rudder landing port, from the sister-in-law tree to the levee to Danchi, it is adopted along the river in Hankou and Wuchang.
By September 10, there were 62 rafts 1962, with a length of 4 kilometers. The use of wood, bamboo cable, steel wire, iron anchor and original wave prevention facilities in the raft has played an important role in ensuring the safety of the dike.
The wave raft was called the "Great Wall on Water" at that time. This is a unique practice under certain conditions, but it is indeed a fruitful pioneering work during the flood control period of 1954.
At the beginning of May, many low-lying areas and main dikes were flooded by waterlogging and floods.
In the second half of July, the Yaodi and Lanjiang Dikes in Yingwuzhou, Hanyang burst successively, and the first dike section from Qiaokou to Jijiazui was flooded.
In mid-August, Hanyang Yuehu dike burst.
There are 4 flooded houses 1 10,000, 4,390 collapsed houses, dangerous houses 1,110,000, and suburban cultivated land10.9 million mu, accounting for 78% and 7% of suburban cultivated land respectively. More than 90% houses in Hanyang were flooded, and the affected population exceeded 84%. The government made every effort to organize rescue and resettlement, so that no one slept outdoors and no one froze to death and starved to death due to the flood.
In the case of disasters in some areas, the city has established production and disaster relief offices at the city and district levels. Taking streets and towns as units, a production disaster relief working group was set up to help the victims in waterlogged areas and outside dikes move, build shacks and rescue, and allocate funds. By the end of August, a total of 440,000 yuan and 50,000 yuan had been donated, and more than 230,000 yuan had been spent on medical expenses.
Each district organized 27 industries and 64 production teams to help themselves, and resettled 1550 victims. 6.5438+0.5 million people quickly resumed their original jobs after the disaster, participated in the work and found new production channels.
A total of 230,000 yuan of loans were granted, which basically solved the production and living problems of more than 86% urban victims. After the flood, most of the victims have moved back to their original places and rebuilt their homes.
The city-wide 1954 flood rose from June 25th to September16th and fell to the warning level, which lasted for100th. The people of the whole city mobilized to take flood control as their highest mission.
The flood control headquarters consists of sub-headquarters, branches and offices, commanding 300,000 troops to defend in the first line. If you count the "support for flood control" in the rear, the total number of flood control personnel will reach 600,000.
In addition to 10 rescue brigade and 66 squadrons, there are more than 40,000 rescue reserve teams composed of workers, students and residents, as well as commando teams composed of more than 20,000 and more than 80,000 youths and flood control service teams composed of 30,000 and 50,000 women.
1954 flood control in Wuhan was supported by manpower and material resources from all over the country. Wu Hanyou has 20,000 to 30,000 people to support flood fighting.
Materials from all over the country to support the flood control in Wuhan include pumps, train generators, sacks, straw bags, reed mats and dustpans, as well as a large number of tools, reed mats, bamboo cables, iron anchors, sorghum stalks, medicines, grain, coal and various non-staple foods.
In order to transport a large number of flood control materials, the Ministry of Railways and other departments put forward the principles of local transportation, no stopping along the way, giving priority to trailers and shipping.
The inland river shipping department of Hubei Province also organized civilian ships to serve the flood control in Wuhan.