In densely populated residential areas, especially those without reasonable planning, when encountering an earthquake, it is forbidden to run away blindly as soon as you feel the vibration. This is because: firstly, due to the large number and irregular layout of houses in residential areas, the roads in the area are tortuous and narrow, and the earthquake wave causes strong ground vibration when a strong earthquake occurs, it is difficult for people to run to the open area outside the residential areas within a few seconds before the houses collapse; Secondly, when the house shakes, even if it can quickly escape to the outside, it is very likely to be injured by debris, glass and other debris, or even buried. For example, on April 29th, 2000, the only fatal accident caused by the Mashankou earthquake of magnitude 4.7 in Nanyang was killed by the old flower wall on the gate. In this case, the best way is to hide in a small studio building (such as kitchen, bathroom, etc.) ) or under solid furniture, protect your head with your hands or other soft objects, and then flee quickly after the main earthquake. At the same time, we should pay attention to stay away from doors and windows, because these parts often have cracks in the wall, the bearing capacity is relatively reduced, and the possibility of collapse is greater. In addition, if possible, pay attention to fire fighting, gas and power supply in time to avoid secondary disasters such as fire and poisoning.

In a high-rise building.

Once you feel that there is an earthquake, you should first keep a cool head and avoid jumping off the balcony blindly, because the balcony is a suspended building, which is the most unstable and most likely to collapse first. Jumping off a building is also extremely unwise, and it is easy to break into fractures or even die, but you can't escape, and it is very likely that the building did not collapse, but caused unnecessary casualties. For example, the 1984 South Yellow Sea earthquake with a magnitude of 6.2 caused more than 200 indirect casualties, most of which were caused by taking wrong emergency measures (such as jumping off a building, fleeing in panic, crowding, etc.). When the earthquake happened. In addition, don't blindly escape through doors and windows, because under the earthquake, the floor will shake, which often causes serious deformation of door frames and window frames, making it difficult to open them. When you try to open doors and windows, you will lose precious escape opportunities, and you may even be buried in these buildings with low pressure-bearing capacity. Even if you escape from the door and cling to the stairs, it will be dangerous because of poor bearing conditions and the stairs are easy to break and collapse. You can't take the elevator at this time, because the power system in the building is likely to be destroyed and people will be trapped in the elevator. The correct method of shock absorption is to quickly hide in the kitchen and bathroom with many load-bearing walls and small bays, because these places have strong binding force, especially where the pipeline passes, which has good supporting force, large seismic coefficient and relative safety. If the situation is too urgent, you can also hide in the corners of nearby doors and windows, next to solid objects, and protect key parts with soft objects. If you can't escape because you are asleep, you should "lie down and decide" (don't lie on your back) and protect the key parts with the clothes around you. In addition, when avoiding, it is best to cling to fixtures such as pipes, so that it can resist the continuous vibration during earthquake resistance. Second, when a multi-storey brick-concrete building collapses, the floor or roof sometimes tilts, and clinging to the fixtures can prevent it from sliding down the floor and being buried.

3. In the subway.

Subway has now become an important means of transportation in big cities (for example, the daily passenger flow of Beijing subway is as high as 6.5438+0.4 million). If an earthquake suddenly occurs in such a crowded place, it is very dangerous. If you are in the hall when the earthquake comes, you should hide under the nearby pillar, because it is a support point, which is relatively safe, and then flee quickly after the main earthquake has passed. If you are in a speeding car during the earthquake, you can't run around and crowd, let alone jump out of the window. The correct way is to follow the arrangement of the flight attendants, because they all have a set of established earthquake emergency measures and will make proper arrangements according to the situation.

4. In the shopping center.

Shopping malls are also places with large passenger flow and many people, and because there are many things in shopping malls, there is great harm hidden. If you encounter an earthquake in a shopping mall, you can't run away blindly. First, because there are many people in the shopping mall, in the face of a sudden earthquake, everyone will struggle to persist, shrink into a ball and cannot move, and even there will be human casualties such as squeezing and trampling. In addition, articles and glass on the shelves on both sides may also cause accidental injuries when fleeing. The correct way is; First, avoid shelves and glass counters, hide under safer columns or bathrooms, or hide in unobstructed passages, then keep calm, obey the arrangement of the service personnel in the mall, and organize the trapped people to evacuate in an orderly manner. In the upstairs location, in principle, it is best to move to the ground floor, but you can't blindly take the stairs, because the stairs are often the weak parts of the building, so we should seize the best opportunity to escape from danger and carry out shock absorption according to the specific situation.

5. At school.

Because of the nature of the school and the age of the students, it is often the most vulnerable place to earthquake damage. Therefore, it is necessary to educate students to master certain methods of earthquake prevention and shock absorption. Enhance students' viability. If you feel the earth shaking in class, you should take immediate measures to avoid danger, hide under the desk, and protect your head with your hands to slow down the impact of falling objects. After the main earthquake, it is necessary to evacuate and evacuate in an orderly and rapid manner under the guidance of the teacher. If you are outdoors during an earthquake, you should pay attention to avoiding tall buildings, power grids, wires and gas pipelines.

6. Outdoor or suburban.

When encountering an earthquake outdoors, don't panic and run around. To prevent the earth from shaking, hold the trunk. If there are no trees around, cover your head with a bag or soft clothes. After the vibration stops, quickly escape from high-voltage lines, poles, tall buildings, narrow lanes, etc. , fled to an open place for temporary shelter. In addition, don't think that you will be all right after the earthquake, and save others immediately, but try to save people after the earthquake crisis (about one minute) and pay attention to the danger of aftershocks. When you encounter an earthquake in the suburbs, you should try to avoid the edge areas such as cliffs, steep slopes and river banks, which are prone to collapse and landslide after being damaged by the earthquake. Avoid inhaling toxic gases around chemical plants. Cover your nose and mouth with wet clothes and go around to the windward.