1. Credit investigation is an activity of collecting, sorting, saving and processing the credit information of natural persons, legal persons and other organizations according to law, providing credit reports, credit evaluation and other services to help customers judge and control credit risks and conduct credit management.
Credit investigation is a professional and independent third-party organization that establishes credit files for individuals or enterprises and provides a platform for professional credit investigation organizations to share credit information. The emergence of credit investigation activities stems from the emergence and development of credit transactions. Credit is a special form of value movement based on repayment, including currency lending and commodity credit sales, such as bank credit and commercial credit. Modern economy is a credit economy, and credit, as a specific economic transaction, is the product of the development of commodity economy to a certain stage. The essence of credit is a creditor-debtor relationship, that is, the lender (creditor) believes that the trustee (debtor) has the repayment ability and agrees to the promise of future repayment made by the trustee. However, when the commodity economy is highly developed and the scope of credit transactions is increasingly extensive, especially when credit transactions spread to the whole country and the whole world, it will be extremely difficult for one party to know the credit status of the other party. At this time, understanding the credit status of market participants has become a demand, and credit investigation activities have also emerged. It can be seen that credit investigation is actually produced and developed with the emergence and development of commodity economy, and it is a credit information service provided for credit activities.
Second, the People's Bank of China has organized commercial banks to build enterprise and individual credit information systems, and has established credit files for130,000 enterprises and nearly 600 million natural persons nationwide. In other words, the credit status of these enterprises and individuals engaged in economic and financial activities will be recorded on the "economic identity card" and become a file that will always accompany the enterprise (himself). If loans overdue has any other breach of contract, the "economic identity card" will be painted with a gray stroke, and you may face more cautious and critical eyes when applying for a loan from the bank in the future. Credit information can restrain the behavior of enterprises and individuals from the system, which is conducive to the formation of a good social credit environment. China has advocated the virtue of honesty and trustworthiness since ancient times, and promoted the formation of honesty concept through moral criticism. Honesty is a kind of social morality and a basic principle of communication with people. Honesty and trustworthiness are indispensable virtues for enterprises and individuals. One of the core reasons why Shanxi merchants and Huizhou merchants, who once dominated China's commerce for hundreds of years, can rise to the world is to establish a "honesty-oriented" business philosophy.
3. The credit information system has built a basic database of credit information with the largest scale, the largest coverage, the most comprehensive collection of credit information, the widest coverage and the widest use in the world, and basically established a credit file for every domestic enterprise and individual with credit activities. The information collected by the credit information system takes bank credit information as the core, and also includes basic information of enterprises and individuals, non-financial debt information reflecting their credit status, court information and public information of government departments. There are both positive and negative information. By the end of April 20 15, the credit information system had collected 864 million natural persons (including 36 natural persons with credit records) and 20.68 million enterprises and other organizations (including enterprises and other organizations with Chinese characters10.23 million); In the first four months of 20 15, the average daily query volume of institutional users of personal credit information system was1610.2 million times, and that of institutional users of enterprise credit information system was 245,000 times.