The payment base is low, mainly because the pension is a pay-as-you-go system. There are currently few elderly people in Shenzhen and there is little pressure to provide for them. In addition, I personally think it may also be related to the reduction of corporate payment costs and the creation of a good business environment, which also provides more employment opportunities. At the macro level, it cannot be said to be a completely bad thing. However, I don’t know if my friends in Shenzhen have ever cared about their social security payment base. The social security payment base has the greatest impact on pensions. I have calculated the pensions of workers in Beijing, Shanghai, Hubei Province, Shenzhen and other places. Among them, Shenzhen’s pension calculation results are the most worrying. Why? Because the social security payment base in Shenzhen is too low. Shenzhen is one of the few cities in China that can use local minimum wage standards as pension insurance payment requirements, and the lower limit is extremely low.

Shenzhen social security base table Shenzhen enterprise pension insurance payment base requirements: 1. The total salary of employees last month; (that is, the payment base needs to be aligned with your actual salary) 2. The upper limit is the entire province in the previous year 3 times the average monthly salary of employees (the latest data is 8310*3=24930 yuan); 3. The lower limit is the city’s minimum wage (the latest data is only 2360 yuan). In most areas across the country, the social security payment base follows a policy of 60% minimum and 300% ceiling. That is, the minimum base is 60% of the local average wage and the maximum base is 300% of the local average wage. For example, in Beijing , even if your salary is less than 5,000, you must pay social security according to the minimum limit of 5,869.

Beijing’s social security base requirements On the other hand, Shenzhen is also the only city in China that can only pursue two years of legislative social security back payment. Article 20 of the "Labor and Social Security Supervision Regulations" stipulates: "If any violation of labor and social security laws, regulations or rules has not been discovered by the labor and social security administrative department within 2 years, and has not been reported or complained, the labor and social security administrative department will no longer investigate and deal with it. The period specified in the preceding paragraph shall be calculated from the date when the violation of labor and security laws, regulations or rules occurs; if the violation of labor and security laws, regulations or rules is continuous or continuous, it shall be calculated from the date of termination of the violation. " Article 40 of the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone Social Pension Insurance Regulations stipulates that if an employee believes that the employer has failed to pay pension insurance premiums for him or her in accordance with regulations, he or she must file a complaint or report to the municipal social security agency within two years from the date when they know or should know that their rights have been infringed. . If a complaint or report is made more than two years ago, the municipal social security agency will not accept it. That is to say, for Shenzhen employers, even if the employee’s monthly salary is 30,000 yuan, the employer can still use 2,360 yuan as the basis for payment of pension insurance, maternity insurance and unemployment insurance. Therefore, for a monthly salary of 30,000 yuan, the employer only has social insurance, and each employee The monthly cost savings is 4270.38. Although it is illegal for the employer to do this, the illegal cost is extremely low. On the one hand, employees dare not complain to defend their rights while working; on the other hand, if they leave the company after working for five years and complain again after leaving the company, they can only be held responsible for two years of back-payment of social security.

1. What impact will a low pension payment base have on an individual? The impact is: you will get more on hand now, but you will get less in retirement in the future. Assuming that the actual monthly salary of an Internet company worker has always been 20,000 yuan, based on the actual salary payment base of 20,000 yuan, the social security pension part: the individual needs to bear 20,000*8%=1,600 yuan per month, and the enterprise needs to bear 20,000*14%=2,800 Yuan. But if the actual monthly salary is 20,000 yuan, and the monthly payment is only based on the base of 5,000 yuan, some individuals need to bear 5,000*8%=400 yuan per month for social security pensions, and the company needs to bear 5,000*14%=700 yuan. The individual has paid less. 1,200 yuan, the company paid 2,100 yuan less. For workers, the final manifestation of low contributions is that their monthly wages may be about 1,000 more. But in the future, compared with those who pay enough, the pension may be several thousand less per month. We still take this Internet worker with an actual monthly income of 20,000 as an example. Assume that a 30-year-old woman has worked for 6 years and retired at the age of 55. Without considering factors such as inflation, social wage growth rate, real wage growth rate, etc., calculate the pension replacement rate obtained by paying different bases (the final data is based on the social security agency Subject): 1. If the actual salary income is 20,000 yuan, social security payment shall be made in full at 20,000 yuan. The monthly pension is 7,619 yuan, and the pension replacement rate is 38%.

Trial calculation results of 20,000 yuan base 2. The actual salary income is 20,000 yuan, and social security payment is based on a base of 5,000 yuan (not the full amount). The pension is only 2,938 yuan, which is 4,681 yuan/month less than those who pay in full, and the pension replacement rate is only 15%.

The salary of 20,000 is only based on the payment base of 5,000. Many job seekers mainly expect the salary when they join the job, and rarely ask about the payment of the social security base. Although your employer will give you the expected salary, you may actually pay very little in social security, which is equivalent to a disguised reduction in your salary. Moreover, for salaried workers, personal income tax deducts the personal contribution to social security first and then pays tax. If you pay less for social security, naturally more personal income tax will be deducted. If you want to understand this, you must pay more to your own social security than to pay tax. It's good to pay the tax.

2. The pension replacement rate determines whether the quality of life after retirement will decline. What is the pension replacement rate? To put it simply, it is the ratio of retirement salary to working salary. For example, the working salary is 20,000 yuan. The retirement salary is 10,000 yuan, then the pension replacement rate is 50%. When China's pension insurance system was designed, the average pension replacement rate was 60%-70% (based on 15 years of pension insurance payment, the longer the payment period, the higher the replacement rate), but now the average pension replacement rate is only 40% About %, and this 40% is usually estimated based on full payment of social security. According to internationally accepted standards, if the pension replacement rate (referring to the ratio between a worker’s pension level when he retires and his pre-retirement wage income level) reaches 70%, it will basically be possible to maintain living standards without a significant decline.

With such a low payment base in Shenzhen, the social security pension replacement rate may even be less than 20%.

Even high-income people who pay full social security also have the problem of low social security and pension replacement rates. Now the payment base in Shenzhen is aligned with the average social wage in Guangdong Province of 8310. If a person's salary reaches 30,000, the full payment cannot exceed 300% of the average social wage in Guangdong Province. It can only be based on the base of 8310*300%=24930. Pay the fees. Then the pension replacement rate may be only 33%.

3. How to crack it? 1. Try to pay in full during work or strive to increase the base amount. After all, the 8% personal responsibility ratio paid by the company is actually much lower than the 20%+ ratio required by flexible employees. You can ask relevant questions during the interview. After all, social security is also part of your job benefits. When you join the company, some companies may write very low wages in the labor contract, and pay the overall salary in the form of allowances, commissions, etc. to reduce the payment base and avoid subsequent claims from workers. Therefore, you must also read the contract clearly so that you can pay in time. Raise objections and don’t sign lightly. If you join the company in an important position, such as management, there is still some room for maneuver. HR may ask you about the amount of social security contributions from your previous company to determine the social security payment base you can accept. It is recommended to talk to HR based on the normal unit ratio of 22%, which is 8% for individuals and 14% for units. Don’t be honest and take screenshots of your social security and tell them your true data, unless your employer has truly paid in full. When you leave your job, if you still have problems with your social security contributions being paid in full, you have the right to report it to the Social Security Bureau and other departments and ask for the balance to be paid. In fact, if you find a problem while you are working, you can actually protect your rights. Here, I do not recommend that all big babies go to their own company to find a solution. After all, we still have to eat. What if we lose our job? !These rights protection operations are of different opinions. After all, the current economic environment is not good and it is not easy to have a job. 2. During flexible employment, work within your ability, but try not to go without payment for a long time. Although the benefits of flexible employment social security are the same as employee social security, flexible employees need to bear the entire social security payment ratio (currently 20%). Compared with the 8% who work in enterprises, the payment pressure is greater, so it is recommended to use within your ability. Social security has a big pot effect. People who pay less will not get much in the end, but the return on investment is high. After the payment reaches 100% of the base, the return on investment in social security will gradually decrease. If you still have some money left, you can consider it. It may be more cost-effective to use commercial pension insurance to increase your pension. 3. Try to extend the payment period as much as possible. Judging from the social security calculation formula, the payment period has a greater impact than the payment base.

4. Social security follows the principle that the more you pay, the more you get. If your social security has not been paid in full for a period of time, your previous average base and personal account balance will affect your final social security pension. It is recommended to plan and supplement pension annuity, medical insurance, and critical illness insurance as early as possible, which are all buffers to avoid rapid loss of family cash during the retirement stage. If you are able, use commercial insurance as early as possible and prepare multiple pillars at the same time to ensure a high-quality retirement life. 5. People whose personal income tax reaches more than 3% can consider using the tax deferral policy of the personal pension system to reasonably avoid taxes. However, a personal pension is more like a compulsory saving of pension money, which will be spent if withdrawn, rather than a lifetime cash flow. Pension care still needs to give priority to building a sustained and stable passive cash flow. The money sent to the hands every month is better able to cope with longevity risks. The capital flow pattern and rigid payment commitments of social pension insurance and commercial pension insurance are more suitable for the needs of pension insurance.