With the rapid development of reform and opening up, China's economy is booming again. Especially in recent years, the state has called for "mass entrepreneurship and innovation", which has inspired a large number of people with lofty ideals to participate in the big wave of entrepreneurship. The state also has great support policies for this project, which is of great help to the financing of small and micro enterprises. So what is the financing risk management of small and micro enterprises in China? Financing risk management of small and micro enterprises Commercial banks should change their business philosophy, change the credit business of small and micro enterprises from controlling risks to operating risks, adhere to the two principles of "income covers risks" and "law of large numbers", and consider whether the comprehensive income of customers can cover risks, instead of simply considering the actual risk level of a single household. At the same time, improve the assessment mechanism, separately assess the non-performing assets of small and micro enterprises, and promote the rapid development of credit business of small and micro enterprises under the principle of not exceeding the upper limit and not violating the "income coverage risk". (I) Innovative risk management concept Financing difficulty for small and micro enterprises is a worldwide problem, and the difficulty lies in how to control risks. Due to the narrow financing channels, the financing needs of small and micro enterprises have not been met for a long time, and there is demand rigidity. From this perspective, the key point for small and micro enterprises to become bigger and stronger lies in how to grasp and control the balance between risks and benefits. If the risk control threshold is too high, there will be no effective customers, and if it is too low, it will easily lead to greater risk losses. Only by scientifically managing risks can we promote the development of small and micro enterprises. Commercial banks should effectively grasp the balance between income and risk in financial services for small and micro enterprises, and combine the diversification of financial services with the standardization of customer selection, that is, pursue diversification in financial services, product coverage and customer maintenance for small and micro enterprises, and realize the balance between income and risk through diversification. However, we insist on standardization in customer selection, and realize the rating of customers through technical systems to ensure the standardization and timeliness of rating conclusions and the consistency of customers' risk preference. Standardized management also creates conditions for the sinking of small and micro enterprises' services, avoids the operational deviation of risk judgment and customer access caused by the extension of management radius, and improves the effectiveness of risk management. (II) Improving business operation ability Commercial banks should further innovate their operation mechanism according to the principle of "professional concentration", establish and improve the franchise mode of "credit factory" directly managed by secondary branches, innovate the operation service mode of "small and micro enterprise operation center-operation sub-center" under the framework of secondary branches and tertiary branches in line with the principle of "close to the market, close to customers and improve market response ability", and effectively promote the construction of professional platforms and centralized handling of middle and back office business. Explore and innovate the assessment mechanism of business development of small and micro enterprises, change the assessment method of "credit and customer increment, growth rate and comprehensive coverage", and establish the focus of effectively promoting the transformation of small and micro enterprises' business from all-round development to priority development in key areas; The transformation from operating credit to operating customers; From single marketing to mass marketing; From developing small and medium-sized customers to small and micro customers, we will improve the sustainable development ability of small and micro enterprises. At the same time, strictly formulate the assessment methods and accountability mechanism for account managers, improve the risk judgment and control ability of account managers, promote them to strengthen due diligence on customers' "three products and three meters", conduct in-depth investigation and analysis on business conditions, loans from other banks, repayment ability, owner's products, whether there are potential risks, etc., and comprehensively evaluate the strength of enterprises. (III) Accurately Grasp the solvency of customers Commercial banks should pay attention to the authenticity risk of financial information of small and micro enterprises, verify the authenticity of financial indicators provided by small and micro enterprises through the analysis of non-financial indicators, and comprehensively judge the actual solvency of customers. First, by looking at the bank statements, tax bills, utilities receipts and other vouchers of small and micro enterprises, analyze whether the operation and capital turnover of enterprises are normal; Combine the customer's production plan and production order or sales contract to judge the authenticity and reliability of sales revenue. The second is to analyze the reliability of paid-in capital. Check whether the capital is fully in place and whether the capital contribution is in cash or in kind through the capital verification report; Is there any way to increase rights and interests by increasing the capital reserve corresponding to land appreciation? The third is to analyze the authenticity of the profitability of small and micro enterprises. For example, whether the product cost of the enterprise is abnormal compared with the historical period and peers; Whether there is an unusually large transfer of funds in other receivables and payables. (4) Accelerate the innovation of service products, effectively combine traditional commercial banking services with new investment banking services, financing services and financing services, make full use of the channel advantages of commercial banks, build a customer communication platform, solve the problems of capital bottleneck, talent bottleneck and market bottleneck in the development of small and micro enterprises, and provide substantive support for their bigger and stronger development. First, credit business, investment banking, cash management, supply chain finance, corporate finance, retail products, etc. It will be comprehensively used to develop "settlement, joint loan, joint guarantee, small and micro enterprise loan, leasehold pledge loan, POS credit card, personal online banking and mobile banking" for customers in the logistics industry; Financial services for small and micro enterprises such as "standard factory mortgage loan, fixed assets purchase loan, parent company guarantee loan, joint loan and joint guarantee business" in industrial clusters. Second, in terms of innovative supply chain, credit products such as accounts receivable pool pledged loans, bill pool pledged loans, closed loans under orders, factoring suitable for small and micro enterprise customers, and domestic letters of credit; In agriculture, we will focus on promoting secured loans such as forest right mortgage, policy pledge and export tax rebate account pledge. Third, vigorously expand other financial services other than credit business, use various financial tools to meet the financial service needs of small and micro enterprises to the maximum extent, help small and micro enterprises reduce financing costs and operating costs in an all-round way, and enhance their ability to resist risks, so as to prevent and resolve credit business risks. (5) Improve the post-loan management ability. First, improve customer management ability. Taking opening a basic settlement account as one of the main conditions for applying for credit or business, we will implement the collection of customer sales funds, fully grasp the changes in the flow direction of credit customers' funds, and strengthen the monitoring of the first repayment source. The second is to improve the management ability of loan issuance. Differentiate and clearly define the loan issuance method, ensure the compliance of small and micro enterprises' loan issuance, establish and improve the loan issuance ledger, standardize and improve the loan issuance level audit system, and clarify the loan issuance level audit authority. The third is to improve the management ability of collateral. When choosing collateral, we should pay equal attention to both form and quality, pay close attention to the influence of national policies and market changes on collateral, carefully evaluate the value of collateral, re-examine collateral regularly, and effectively play the role of risk mitigation. In the choice of the second repayment source, the collateral guarantee is preferred, and the related guarantee is strictly controlled. Establish a dynamic monitoring mechanism for collateral, timely analyze and process collateral risk information, timely identify and evaluate collateral risks, conduct risk early warning and control, and implement continuous and effective supervision. The fourth is to improve the automation level of post-loan management. With the support of science and technology, we will actively develop the information management system of small and micro enterprises, realize the effective docking of private business systems and corporate settlement systems, broaden the channels of information collection, and provide information support for post-loan management decisions. It can be seen that while the state vigorously supports small and micro enterprises, it also makes effective use of the amount of support. In China, it is more difficult for small and micro enterprises to develop. There are small and medium-sized enterprises in the world and individual merchants in the world, so many tasks cannot be carried out smoothly. In this way, it is also necessary to control and manage the financing risks of small and micro enterprises.