1. Financing guarantee is one of the most important types of guarantee business, and it is a kind of credit intermediary behavior with the development needs of commercial credit and financial credit and the financing needs of the guaranteed object. Financing guarantee has the dual attributes of finance and intermediary in its business nature, and belongs to a special financial intermediary service. A financing guarantee company refers to a limited liability company or a joint stock limited company established according to law and engaged in financing guarantee business. It mainly provides financing guarantee such as loan guarantee and bond issuance guarantee, non-financing guarantee business such as bidding guarantee, project performance guarantee and litigation preservation guarantee, as well as consulting services related to guarantee business. A powerful financing guarantee company can also provide re-guarantee services for the guarantee business of other guarantee companies. Because financing guarantee has the dual attributes of finance and intermediary, financing guarantee companies strictly belong to the financial service industry.
2. Loan: A loan contract is a contract in which the borrower borrows money from the lender, repays the loan at maturity and pays interest. Among them, the party that borrows money from the other party is called the borrower, and the party that borrows money is called the lender. According to different lenders, loan contracts can be divided into financial institution loan contracts and natural person loan contracts, both of which are typical property ownership transfer contracts.
3. Classification of financing guarantee business:
(1) indirect financing guarantee:
① Loan guarantee: bank loan guarantee and private loan guarantee;
(2) Trade financing guarantee: letter of credit guarantee, commercial paper acceptance guarantee, discount guarantee, accounts receivable factoring and financial lease guarantee;
(2) Direct financing guarantee:
Bond guarantee, capital guarantee (capital preservation fund), trust plan guarantee and asset securitization guarantee.
4. Risks of financing guarantee:
(1) The financing guarantee industry is facing greater risks in the current severe economic environment;
(2) Risks existing in the operation of financing guarantee institutions.