1, yellow hair, happy: men and women dress exactly like the world outside the Peach Blossom Garden, and the old people and children live comfortably and happily.

Source: Tao Yuanming's "Peach Blossom Garden" Late Jin Dynasty and Early Song Dynasty.

Excerpt from the original text: Among them, the crops and clothes of men and women are familiar to outsiders. Yellow hair hangs down and enjoys itself.

People come and go to farm and work in the fields, and men and women wear exactly the same clothes as the world outside the Peach Blossom Garden. Old people and children are very comfortable and happy, and they have a good time.

2、? Cold and summer are easy to celebrate, and at first they are opposite: cold and summer exchange seasons only once.

Source: Yu Gong Yi Shan written by Liezi during the Warring States Period.

Shi Jing, the widow of my neighbor, left a man, so she began to help him. Cold and summer are easy to celebrate, and the initial heart is reversed.

Shi Jing's widow, a neighbor, has an orphan of seven or eight years old. She came to help him. Winter and summer change seasons, and you can go back and forth once.

3. The moss on the upper steps is green, and the curtain is green: the moss is green and grows to the upper steps; The grass is green and comes into view.

Source: From Liu Yuxi's Humble Room Inscription in the Tang Dynasty.

Excerpt from the original text: the moss on the stage is green, and the grass in the curtain is blue. There is a great scholar with a smile, but there is no Ding Bai.

Vernacular translation: the color of moss marks on the steps is green; The grass is green and reflected in the curtains. All the people who come here to talk and laugh are knowledgeable scholars, but there are no people with shallow knowledge.

4. No confusion in ears, no work: no music disturbing ears, no official documents making the body tired.

Source: From Liu Yuxi's Humble Room Inscription in the Tang Dynasty.

Excerpt from the original text: there is no doubt in the ears of silk and bamboo, and there is no overwork in the case. Zhuge Lu in Nanyang and Ting Yun Pavilion in West Shu. Kong Ziyun: What's wrong?

Translation of vernacular Chinese: no music bothers the ears, no official documents are tiring. There is Zhuge Liang Caotang in Nanyang and Yangzi Yunting in West Shu. Confucius said, "What's so simple about this?"

5. I love the lotus that is muddy but not dyed. It is clear but not demon: I only love the lotus that is muddy but not dyed. It has been washed in clean water, but it doesn't look attractive.

Source: From Zhou Dun's The Theory of Ailian in the Northern Song Dynasty.

Excerpt from the original text: Lotus leaves mud but is not stained, clear but not demon. Straight outside and straight inside, the fragrance is long and clear, slim and graceful. You can see it from a distance, but it's not funny.

I only like lotus flowers. It grows from the soil, but it is not polluted. It has been washed in clean water, but it doesn't look attractive. Its stem passes through the middle, its shape is straight, it has no branches and branches, and its fragrance spreads far away, making it more fragrant. It stands straight and clean. You can watch it from a distance, but you can't play with it.

Extended data:

The creative background of Peach Blossom Garden;

Tao Yuanming had the ambition of "helping the poor" when he was young. However, he lived in the era when the owners changed hands in Jin and Song Dynasties. The Eastern Jin Dynasty was extremely corrupt, surrendered blindly and settled in a corner of the river. The life of the ruling group is dissolute, internal disputes continue, warlords struggle for years, and taxes are heavy, which deepens the exploitation and oppression of the people.

In the turbulent years when the country was on the verge of collapse, Tao Yuanming's ambition could not be realized at all. At the same time, the Eastern Jin Dynasty inherited the old system, implemented the door-door system, and protected the aristocratic bureaucratic privileges of aristocratic families, resulting in intellectuals from small and medium-sized landlords having no chance to display their talents. A poor man like Tao Yuanming, whose ancestors only held a first-class official position, is of course "ambitious and hard to get anything."

In addition, his personality is honest and frank, clear and honest, and he doesn't want to grovel and cling to powerful people, so he has a sharp contradiction with the dirty and dark real society and feels out of place. In the first year of Yixi (405), he resolutely resigned from the post of Pengze County Magistrate, who had only served for 865,438+0 days, and finally broke away from the ruler and retired to the countryside for a long time.

Although Tao Yuanming is far away in the Jianghu, he still cares about state affairs. In June of the second year of Yuanxi (420), Emperor Wu of Song abolished Gong Jin as the king of Lingling and changed his title to "Yongchu". In the second year, Emperor Wu of Song conspired to suffocate Emperor Gong Jin with a quilt. These can't help but cause waves in Tao Yuanming's thoughts. Starting from the inherent Confucian concept, he became dissatisfied with Emperor Wu of Song's regime and deepened his hatred of the real society.

However, he can't change or interfere with this situation, so he has to express his feelings with the help of creation, and create a beautiful realm opposite to the dirty and dark society, in order to entrust his political ideals and good interests. Peach Blossom Garden was written in this context.