American aid plan to Europe after World War II. The floorboard of the European recovery plan. 1947 On June 5th, American Secretary of State G.C. Marshall gave a speech at Harvard University, and put forward a plan to help European economy recover for the first time, hence the name. He said that at that time, the European economy was on the verge of collapse, food and fuel were extremely scarce, and the required imports far exceeded its ability to pay. Without a lot of extra aid, we will face a very serious economic, social and political crisis. He called on European countries to take the initiative and jointly formulate economic recovery plans, while the United States assisted European countries with its overproduced materials. 1947 From July to September, representatives from Britain, France, Italy, Austria, Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Switzerland, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Portugal, Greece, Turkey, Ireland and Iceland met in Paris and decided to accept the Marshall Plan (1April 948)/kloc- The original term of the plan was five years (1948 ~ 1952). At the end of 195 1, the United States announced that it would end early and be replaced by the common security plan. The United States allocated a total of $65.438 billion+$365.438 billion+$500 million to Europe, of which grants accounted for 88% and the rest were loans. During the implementation of Marshall Plan, the gross national product of western European countries increased by 25%. Marshall Plan is the most successful plan of American foreign economic and technical assistance after the war. It laid the foundation for the establishment of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and the European Economic Community, and promoted the union and economic recovery of Western Europe. The implementation of Marshall Plan and its influence: After Marshall Plan was put forward, it got the earliest response.

It's England and France. British Foreign Secretary Bevan expressed his support for Marshall Plan on June 6th, 2003.

Hold; On June 6th, 2007, Bevan went to Paris to discuss the implementation of the Marshall Plan with French Foreign Minister Pierre.

And decided to set up some special committees to assess how much aid Western Europe needs. When the Soviet Union

After rejecting the Marshall Plan, Britain and France invited all European countries on July 3rd.

Attend the Paris conference to study the Marshall Plan. Britain, France, Italy, Portugal, Ireland, Greece, Iceland,

The Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Switzerland, Turkey, Austria, Denmark, Sweden and Norway are connected by 16 countries.

I was invited. Finland declined politely for "political and geographical reasons". The Soviet Union and Eastern European countries rejected this.

An invitation. The Paris conference will last until September. The meeting decided to accept Marshall's suggestion and establish "Europe"

The Committee for European Economic Cooperation (later renamed the Organization for European Economic Cooperation) and put forward the "European Complex".

Xing plan "requires the United States to provide 22.4 billion U.S. dollars in economic assistance. 1947 65438+February19, Dulu

In his State of the Union address to Congress, Mencken proposed a "European Renaissance Plan" with a total amount of 654.38+0.7 billion US dollars. 1948 4

On March 3rd, the US Congress passed the Foreign Aid Act, thus completing the Marshall Plan.

Legal procedures. The bill stipulates that: the United States will assist western European countries to revive their post-war economies; Recipient countries must respectively

Sign bilateral or multilateral agreements with the U.S. government to buy a certain amount of American goods and cancel tariffs as soon as possible.

Barriers, cancellation or relaxation of foreign exchange restrictions; Accept the supervision of the United States in the use of American aid and be established by the United States.

"Inter-bank fund" system; To provide the United States with strategic materials produced by its own countries and colonies to protect the United States.

The right to private investment and development; The recipient countries must abandon the nationalization policy and implement the US requirements as soon as possible.

Seeking fiscal policy; Exclude progressive forces from the government, and so on. The bill also stipulates that for those who use American aid,

The United States will refuse to give assistance to goods produced by "any European non-member state".

China also does not export "all or part of its territory" to non-member countries in Europe.

License ". The purpose here is obviously to restrict the trade between the recipient countries and the Soviet Union and eastern European countries. according to

The "foreign aid bill" proposed by the United States, the commanders-in-chief of the above-mentioned 16 countries, the United States, Britain and France in the German occupied areas.

On April 1948, the Convention on European Economic Cooperation was signed; 1948, also in America.

European countries signed the Economic Cooperation Agreement with the occupied areas of West Germany, Trieste, Britain and the United States respectively.

Reach an agreement. "The Marshall Plan originally stipulated five years (1948 1952), but it was 195 1.

At the end of the year, the United States believed that the European economy had basically improved, that is, it announced an early end. At most 195 1 year.

Finally, according to the above agreement, the United States provided a total of1365438+50 million US dollars in economic assistance. Excerpt from Marshall Plan

Therefore, it promoted the economic recovery of western European countries, but it undoubtedly made western Europe

Relying more on the United States economically will further promote the strategy of Western European countries and the United States towards the Soviet Union.

About methods and coordination. In this way, the division between eastern Europe and western Europe has intensified and the world has become polarized.

The pattern has taken a decisive step.