(A) Western rural economic development lacks due financial support
1. The financial support for increasing farmers' income in the west is not enough. Compared with the national per capita net income of farmers, the per capita net income of farmers in the western region is low. From 200 1 to 2005, the per capita net income of farmers in China was 2253.42 yuan, 2366.4 yuan, 2475.63 yuan, 2936.4 yuan and 3255 yuan respectively. The farmers in the west are only 65,438+0,665,438+0.03 yuan, 65,438+0.726,5438+0.19 yuan, 65,438+0.820. 87 yuan, 2,654,38+00. There are many factors that affect the growth of farmers' income in the western region, but one of the main reasons is that financial institutions in the western region have not provided due support for rural economic development. According to a sample survey of rural areas in the west, in 2003, 59% of farmers in the west felt short of funds, and at least 40% of farmers in western agriculture lacked credit funds [9].
2. The capital gap of agricultural industrialization in western China is huge. Urbanization, agricultural industrialization and farmers' specialization are important ways to solve the gap between workers and peasants and between urban and rural areas, and agricultural industrialization is at the core of the three, which can promote farmers' specialization on the one hand and rural urbanization on the other. At present, the financial demand for agricultural industrialization in western China is quite large, but it is not supported by financial credit, and the funding gap is huge. Take Shuangliu County, Sichuan Province as an example: in 2004, the county applied for supporting the agricultural industrialization project 10, and * * * needed bank funds of 77.9 million yuan. Among them, the least is 2 million yuan, and the most is 5,000 tons of fresh fruit modified atmosphere storage to be built by Sichuan Sanlong Development Company, with a total investment of 36.5 million yuan, and the final bank credit gap is 6,543.8+07.5 million yuan [654.38+00]. (B) financial institutions can not meet the capital needs of SMEs
The external financing of small and medium-sized enterprises in the western region is mainly bank loans, but a survey by the People's Bank of China shows that in 2003, the loan satisfaction rate of small and medium-sized enterprises in the east of China reached 74%, while that of small and medium-sized enterprises in the west was only1.6% [1]. According to the survey of the World Bank, in 2004, the proportion of domestic small private enterprises in the southwest (including Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi, Sichuan, Chongqing and Hainan) was 48.5%, and that in the northwest (including Shanxi, Shaanxi, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Qinghai, Gansu and Xinjiang) was 39.7%.
Due to the limited channels for obtaining loans from banks, the capital demand for the development of small and medium-sized enterprises in the west mainly depends on internal financing.
The reason of disharmony between western finance and economy: the internal structure of financial system is disharmonious.