Grass-roots banks should adjust their business ideas and establish an operating mechanism that is compatible with the market economy and matches risks and benefits. It is necessary to seriously study the problems existing in the development of small and medium-sized enterprises, timely understand the measures taken by the local government to develop small and medium-sized enterprises, help small and medium-sized enterprises strengthen management and open up markets, and give key support to small and medium-sized enterprises with benefits, credibility and development prospects on the premise of focusing on cultivating the credit market for small and medium-sized enterprises. In terms of industries, we will focus on supporting industries and products encouraged by the national industrial policy, industries and products suitable for the production and operation of small and medium-sized enterprises, industries and products with their own development advantages and operating characteristics, industries and products with high technology content, and emerging industries and products with broad development prospects. In the choice of enterprises, we will focus on supporting enterprises with high credit rating, enterprises with low asset-liability ratio, enterprises with stable production and operation, fast repayment and large cash flow, enterprises with sound financial system and internal control mechanism, and enterprises that can provide risk-free or low-risk loan guarantees.
2. Boldly explore credit management methods different from those of large enterprises.
Small and medium-sized enterprises are not only different from large enterprises in scale and economic strength, but also different in management mode, management mode and capital operation structure. It is not conducive to supporting the development of small and medium-sized enterprises, nor to improving the management level of grass-roots banks. In order to support the development of small and medium-sized enterprises, grass-roots banks must further understand the characteristics of small and medium-sized enterprises and completely abandon the wrong concept of risk based on enterprise scale. First of all, we must adhere to the principles of commercial loan management. Grass-roots branches of state-owned commercial banks must support the development of small and medium-sized enterprises in accordance with the laws of market economy, take economic benefits as the center, promote the stable growth of the national economy and the healthy development of their own businesses as the premise, strictly abide by the credit management principles of commercial banks, treat small and medium-sized enterprises with different business scales, different modes of operation and different ownership equally, and support small and medium-sized enterprises that meet the loan conditions to play their competitive advantages and continue to grow and develop. Secondly, small and medium-sized enterprises should have reliable repayment sources, grasp the legitimacy of enterprise production and operation activities, the stability of economic benefits, the growth of development stages, the adequacy of cash flow and the reliability of guarantee methods, ensure the first repayment source and the second repayment source, and support their reasonable capital needs. Third, strengthen post-loan management and supervise the integrity of repayment sources of enterprises. The credit manager should always check the enterprise's capital use, operation and management, financial revenue and expenditure, payment withdrawal and changes in bank deposits. The loan guarantee unit shall keep abreast of its operating conditions and compensatory capacity, and the loan collateral shall keep abreast of its custody and value changes. Once there is a problem with the repayment source of the enterprise, which endangers the timely recovery of the principal and interest of the bank loan, corresponding measures should be taken to ensure the safety of the loan.
3. Continuously improve the national service system to support small and medium-sized enterprises in a planned way.
First of all, we should provide good services for small and medium-sized enterprises in terms of settlement, exchange, transfer and financial management, consultation and evaluation, and asset accounting. On the one hand, it helps enterprises to solve the problems of fund management, on the other hand, it can also close the relationship between banks and enterprises and establish the service image of banks. Secondly, we should make full use of the advantages of a wide range of banks and well-informed information to provide market information for small and medium-sized enterprises in time, help them solve problems in production and operation, and enhance market competitiveness. Third, we should improve the internal efficiency of banks, strengthen the allocation of funds, ensure timely settlement, and constantly broaden and improve financial services and service projects. Fourth, actively participate in the restructuring of small and medium-sized enterprises, and strive to activate bank loans through enterprise restructuring and asset restructuring. It can also promote the dual purpose of enterprise development.
4. Effectively use various loan guarantee methods to enhance the security of bank loans.
An important reason why it is difficult for small and medium-sized enterprises to borrow money is that it is difficult for enterprises to provide guarantees. Under the condition that the state actively develops the loan guarantee fund for small and medium-sized enterprises, it is necessary to strengthen cooperation with loan guarantee institutions, guide enterprises to join loan guarantee organizations, and simplify guarantee procedures. At the same time, in order to enhance the sense of responsibility of enterprises to make good use of bank credit funds and improve their awareness of repaying bank loans, in addition to requiring borrowing enterprises to handle legal and effective guarantees, we can try to increase the legal representative and financial controller of enterprises as joint and several liability bearers. When enterprises fail to repay bank loans on time, the legal representative and financial controller of enterprises will assume unlimited responsibilities, thus improving the guarantee degree of loan recovery.
5, the establishment of SME loan repayment and interest payment accounts, and urge enterprises to fulfill their obligations of repayment and interest payment.
Enterprises use bank loans to participate in production turnover. After completing a business cycle, they must first repay the bank loan, which is the basic condition to ensure the normal turnover of their own funds and bank credit funds. In the case that the production and operation funds of the enterprise are invested and recovered one after another, the enterprise should store the repayment funds according to the recovery progress and return them to the bank in time after the loan expires, which is a feasible way for the enterprise to repay on time. In practice, loan enterprises can sign agreements with banks. It is stipulated that each sales income shall be deposited in a special account according to a certain proportion to repay the loan and pay interest. No deposit, less deposit or transfer is regarded as a breach of contract, and the bank can recover the loan in advance or deal with the collateral to recover the loan. By establishing a special account for repaying loans and paying interest, it can help enterprises establish a good reputation, promote enterprises to strengthen economic accounting and improve the efficiency of capital use.