1. Credit investigation is an activity of collecting, sorting, saving and processing the credit information of natural persons, legal persons and other organizations according to law, providing credit reports, credit evaluation and other services to help customers judge and control credit risks and conduct credit management. Credit investigation is a professional and independent third-party organization that establishes credit files for individuals or enterprises and provides a platform for professional credit investigation organizations to share credit information. The emergence of credit investigation activities stems from the emergence and development of credit transactions. Credit is a special form of value movement based on repayment, including currency lending and commodity credit sales, such as bank credit and commercial credit. Modern economy is a credit economy, and credit, as a specific economic transaction, is the product of the development of commodity economy to a certain stage. The essence of credit is a creditor-debtor relationship, that is, the lender (creditor) believes that the trustee (debtor) has the repayment ability and agrees to the promise of future repayment made by the trustee. However, when the commodity economy is highly developed and the scope of credit transactions is increasingly extensive, especially when credit transactions spread to the whole country and the whole world, it will be extremely difficult for one party to know the credit status of the other party. At this time, understanding the credit status of market participants has become a demand, and credit investigation activities have also emerged. It can be seen that credit investigation is actually produced and developed with the emergence and development of commodity economy, and it is a credit information service provided for credit activities.
Second, the emergence of credit information makes it easier for banks to know your credit status: they will hand over their credit information about you to a special institution for summary, and this special institution will create a credit file (that is, a personal credit report) for you and then provide it to banks for use. This activity of sharing credit information between banks through third-party institutions is credit inquiry, in order to improve efficiency, save time and do things for you quickly. With the intervention of credit reporting agencies and credit reports, when you borrow from the bank again, the bank loan officer can check your credit report with your consent, and then spend some time focusing on verifying some problems, and will soon tell you whether the bank provides loans for you. Banks save trouble, you worry. In China, the Credit Information Center of the People's Bank of China (hereinafter referred to as the Credit Information Center) is a specialized institution that establishes your "credit file" for commercial banks and provides personal credit information.
3. The credit information system has built the world's largest, largest number of people, the most complete collection of credit information, the widest coverage and the most widely used basic database of credit information, and basically established a credit file for every domestic enterprise and individual with credit activities. The information collected by the credit information system takes bank credit information as the core, and also includes basic information of enterprises and individuals, non-financial debt information reflecting their credit status, court information and public information of government departments. There are both positive and negative information. By the end of April 20 15, the credit information system had collected 864 million natural persons (including 36 natural persons with credit records) and 20.68 million enterprises and other organizations (including enterprises and other organizations with Chinese characters10.23 million); In the first four months of 20 15, the average daily query volume of institutional users of personal credit information system was1610.2 million times, and that of institutional users of enterprise credit information system was 245,000 times.