Loans from international financial organizations refer to loans provided by international and regional financial organizations such as the International Monetary Fund, World Bank/International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), International Development Association (IDA), International Finance Corporation (IFC), Asian Development Bank (ADB) and United Nations Fund for Agricultural Development. World Bank (WB) loans mainly refer to IBRD loans and IDA loans. Its purpose is to help member countries improve labor productivity, promote economic development and social progress, and improve and improve their living standards through the support of long-term loans and policy suggestions. IBRD mainly provides interest-bearing medium and long-term loans to developing countries. Interest rates fluctuate, and the interest rate level is close to the international financial market. The loan term is usually 20 years, which is generally called "hard loan". The International Development Association mainly provides interest-free long-term development credit to the poorest low-income member countries, with a loan term of 35-50 years, which is generally called "soft loan". From fiscal year 2000, the World Bank will no longer issue soft loans to China.

The Asian Development Bank (ADB) loan is a long-term development fund provided by ADB to developing countries in Asia and the Pacific. The purpose is to encourage government and private capital to invest in the Asia-Pacific region, provide long-term loans and technical assistance to countries in the region, and promote economic cooperation and development of countries in the region.

ADB loans are divided into ordinary loans and special loans. Ordinary loans (normal operation) are mainly used to help member countries improve their economic development level, and the interest rate fluctuates. The loan term is 15-25 years. Ordinary loans are also called hard loans. The special action is mainly preferential loans to poor member countries. This kind of loan does not charge interest, and the loan period is 40 years. Also known as soft loans. China has never used a special loan from ADB.