Colleges and universities should support "student entrepreneurship financing"

For the first time, the Ministry of Education has explicitly allowed "study entrepreneurship" to "start a business during leave of absence." The intention is very clear: to increase the proportion of entrepreneurship among our country's college students through policy incentives and environmental optimization. Relieving the employment problem of college students - Over the past decade, the proportion of college students starting a business in my country has been very low. The "2014 Employment Report of Chinese College Students" released by the Max Research Institute shows that the proportion of starting a business among college graduates in my country in 2013 was 2.3%. As a university, it is obviously not enough to provide hardware and software support for students to start their own businesses.

The prerequisite for implementing the suspension of study and entrepreneurship policy is the establishment of a flexible academic system. The essence of the flexible academic system is a full credit system, and students can choose courses and study time independently. The proportion of American college students who choose to start their own businesses while in school or after graduation is quite high (up to 20%), which is related to this. Our country's colleges and universities have proposed to implement a full credit system many years ago. However, due to the lack of autonomy in running schools, universities cannot set up majors and courses independently, and the academic year system is still the most popular. Some colleges and universities have also established entrepreneurship majors and colleges, but under indoctrination education, the results are not satisfactory. Let alone college students, more than 90% of the scientific research results of professors have been shelved after passing the inspection. Based on this, to encourage students to take leave of absence to start a business, it is necessary to establish a supporting flexible academic system and a teaching management system for the conversion of entrepreneurial achievements and credits. Corresponding optimization design has also been carried out in terms of the proportion setting of compulsory and elective courses.

A survey before 2014 showed that as many as 80% of college students in my country had the intention to start a business, but very few chose to start a business. This is not unrelated to the lack of mature entrepreneurial incentive models in colleges and universities. Many students have entrepreneurial ideas but have no guidance platform, technical support, or financing methods. Even the scarce entrepreneurial knowledge comes from success books.

So, colleges and universities must carry out systematic teaching related to entrepreneurship, and it cannot just be sporadic entrepreneurial guidance "outside the curriculum". In addition, a comprehensive entrepreneurship support system should be established: integrating teachers, funding and course supply (including consulting services), and building a regular communication platform with the outside world to collect and analyze on-campus projects. As some people say: In the growth process of high-tech enterprises, universities are at the forefront - the birthplace of seeds (creativity, talents, etc.) of new enterprises, and equity investment is the "backup". The connection between the two is important. It is said that the level of private equity financing in the UK is very high. It provides approximately 38% of venture capital funds every year to fund the establishment of technology companies by college students. In this regard, domestic universities should learn from others’ strengths.

At present, many universities in my country have entrepreneurial funds, and they should also improve the capital absorption model based on the "integration of industry, academia, and research" and feed back entrepreneurship; it is necessary to promote university entrepreneurial parks and entrepreneurship The construction of incubation bases and increasing the openness of various laboratories, teaching instruments and equipment to students... If these are done well, it can also stimulate students' interest in entrepreneurship.

How foreign countries encourage college students to start their own businesses

It is not easy to become a "boss" while in school or out of school. The success of some countries in this regard stems from the strong support provided by the government and society to entrepreneurs in various aspects such as entrepreneurship training, taxation, and social security.

For example, there are a variety of on-campus entrepreneurship training programs. In the United States, there is the eye-catching "Entrepreneurship Plan" competition, which allows college student contestants to write a business feasibility report on a new product or service with market prospects. Under the guidance of celebrities in the academic and business circles, Attract venture capital. In the United States, similar projects have a history of more than 30 years, there are many participants from prestigious schools, and the operation methods are relatively mature. However, such projects often prioritize the best of the best and give priority to efficiency. They are conducive to cultivating and discovering business and technical talents. Their contribution to increasing the number of beneficiaries is limited, especially the "entrepreneurship rate" cannot be used as a measurement indicator. For more employed entrepreneurs, they have to improve their quality, accumulate experience and seek opportunities through the more traditional school entrepreneurship training "workshop" model.

Also, there is substantial policy support for college student entrepreneurs. Since the Obama administration promulgated new regulations in 2012, the proportion of employees in American companies who are employed and entrepreneurship has dropped significantly. One of the reasons is the emergence of the "Wal-Mart phenomenon." Large companies have taken advantage of economies of scale to acquire many small companies, thus creating a dilemma for new self-employed entrepreneurs.

As the main shaper of the employment and entrepreneurship environment for college students, the government will vigorously support them in terms of industrial and commercial registration, financing services, tax exemptions, and entrepreneurial subsidies. It will also focus on improving the social and economic operating environment and ensuring the living space of many small and medium-sized enterprises. This is also Let the entrepreneurship support policies for students be more effective for a longer period of time.

What is more important is the social security mechanism in the entrepreneurial process. This is the most worthy of learning from foreign countries. When college students find employment and start a business, the biggest concern is the risk. A business venture that loses all money may extinguish the entrepreneur's lifelong passion. In the United States, the "Job Sharing" program established by the government has achieved good response across the United States. This program allows employees to maintain employment with very low working hours by increasing the flexibility of the unemployment insurance mechanism, and those who are willing to work more Find your entrepreneurial goals with energy and without worries. At the same time, a series of legal safeguards for the re-employment of failed entrepreneurs are also in place, such as the law prohibiting employers from discriminating against the unemployed, the low-income youth group investment promotion law, re-employment support policies, etc.

Of course, entrepreneurship is only a relatively new way for college graduates to find employment. More students still become "employees" after graduation through traditional employment channels, which depends on the stable supply of social employment positions. Since Obama came to power, the Obama administration has vigorously cut government spending and used the saved money to stimulate the economy and create jobs, which has achieved remarkable results. The government's policies and measures to encourage college students to find employment and start businesses have laudable original intentions, but the taboo is to rush into construction without incubation time and personalized training. It is also necessary to prevent entrepreneurial failures from becoming social outcasts.