Hello, landlord, I'm glad to answer your question. BRIC comes from the English word BRIC, which refers to Brazil, Russian, Indian and China. The word "BRIC" is composed of the initials of the English names of these four countries, and its pronunciation is the same as the word "bricks" in English. Among them, Brazil is known as the "world raw material base"; Russia is known as the "world gas station"; India is called the "world office"; China is called "the factory of the world". BRIC countries account for 26% of the world's total territory and 42% of the world's total population. According to the statistics of the International Monetary Fund [3], from 2006 to 2008, the average economic growth rate of the four countries was 10.7%. With the rapid economic growth of the four countries, their international influence is increasing day by day. The term "BRIC" was first put forward by Jim O 'Neill, chief economist of Goldman Sachs Securities Company, in the book "The World Needs Better Economic BRIC" published on October 20th, 2006/KLOC-0. In June 2003, the company predicted in the global economic report entitled "Dream with BRICS: The Road to 2050" that BRICS countries will dominate the world economy in 2050, among which: Brazil will replace Italy's economic status in 2025, with 203 1 surpassing France; Russia will surpass Britain in 2027 and Germany in 2028; If nothing happens, China may surpass the United States as the world's largest economic power in 204 1, and India may surpass Japan in 2032; The total GDP of BRIC countries may surpass that of the six western industrial countries (except Canada in G7) in 204 1 year. In this way, by 2050, the world economic structure will be reshuffled, and the new six global economies will become China, the United States, India, Japan, Brazil and Russia. This economic report by Goldman Sachs has made China, India, Russia and Brazil, as representatives of emerging economies and leaders of developing countries, attract more attention in the world, and therefore the name BRIC has become popular all over the world. On June 5438+February 1 day, 2005, Goldman Sachs released a new report. How stable are the BRIC countries? ) said that the BRIC countries do seem to be making faster progress than other developing countries (big or small). Goldman Sachs adjusted its forecast accordingly: China will surpass the United States in 2040 (slightly faster than the forecast in 2003), while India will surpass Japan in 2033 (slightly slower than the previous forecast, because Japan's economic situation is improving). With the birth of the new concept of BRICS, former South Korean President Roh Moo-hyun (deceased) led hundreds of heavyweight political and business people to launch BRICS diplomacy. In 2005, the G7 finance ministers' meeting invited representatives of BRIC countries to attend for the first time. Therefore, the global chessboard of multinational companies such as Toyota Motor Corporation of Japan has been redeployed. Judging from the current situation, the economic development speed of BRIC countries is just the opposite of the alphabetical order of the word "BRIC". China is far ahead, followed by India and Russia, and Brazil is relatively stable. From a broader perspective, the economic performance of at least the top three countries is enough to stand out among all G7 countries, and the annual "net growth" of Russia and India can exceed that of the Netherlands today. According to statistics, Russia's foreign exchange reserves have reached 280 billion US dollars, which has exceeded the sum of EU member states. From June 14 to June 16, 2009, the first foreign ministers' meeting of BRIC countries was held in Yekaterinburg, Russia. During the meeting, the foreign ministers of the four countries held extensive discussions on the international economic and financial situation, energy security and environmental issues, disarmament and non-proliferation of nuclear weapons, international trade and reform of international organizations. After the meeting, the foreign ministers of the BRIC countries will sign a joint statement, indicating the unified position of the four countries on urgent issues such as world development and international security. China-the country of the world's factory center-China is the most dynamic economic region in the world, with the highest amount of foreign investment, becoming the production base of the world's largest enterprise group. China has 654.380+03 billion residents, which is the most populous country in the world. Abundant, cheap and reliable labor force has promoted China's economic prosperity. In addition to the unparalleled price advantage, the quality of employed people is also constantly improving. International public opinion believes that among the BRIC countries, China is the most prominent one in economic development. Since the reform and opening up, the average annual economic growth rate in China has exceeded 9% in the past 30 years. According to the research report of Goldman Sachs, as long as the current development trend is maintained, the economic scale of China will surpass that of Japan in 20 16 and the United States in 20041year. However, there is also a crisis hidden under the engine of world economic growth. Although the Bank of China has set loan restrictions, the hidden danger of overheating has not been eliminated; The huge income scissors difference between urban and rural areas and individuals also makes the development unbalanced and endangers social stability; Environmental pollution is becoming more and more serious. In addition, the China stock market lacks an independent and effective supervision mechanism, and the government manipulates the stock market; A series of problems, such as insufficient raw materials and energy, have created bottlenecks for China's economy. Brazil, the world raw material base, is the largest developing country in the southern hemisphere, with its land area and population accounting for 1/3 of Latin America respectively. Brazil's gross national product ranks first in Latin America, reaching $65,438 +0.23 trillion in 2008, with a per capita GDP of $6,485. In addition to the traditional agricultural economy, production and service industries are increasingly prosperous, occupying natural advantages in raw material resources. Brazil has the highest reserves of iron, copper, nickel, manganese and bauxite in the world. In addition, emerging industries such as communications and finance are also on the rise. Cardoso, the former president of Brazil and leader of the Workers' Party, formulated a set of economic development strategies, which laid the foundation for the later economic revitalization. This reformed policy was later carried forward by the current President Lula, and its core contents are: introducing a flexible exchange rate system; Reform the medical and pension systems; Streamline the system of government officials. However, some critics believe that Xiao He's defeat, Xiao He's defeat, and the constant corruption and bribery within the Workers' Party have shaken the ruling foundation of the current government to a great extent. Is the economic take-off on the fertile soil of South America sustainable? The risks behind the opportunities are also enormous. Therefore, long-term investors based on the Brazilian market need strong nerves and enough patience. India is regarded as a symbol of the Asian economic miracle. Since the economic reform in 199 1, India's GDP has been growing steadily. Moreover, India is the second most populous democracy in the world, and more than 6,000 listed companies have also made its stock market unprecedented. In the past 20 years, India's economy has grown steadily at an average annual rate of 5.6%. Behind the economic front is a high-quality employment army. According to preliminary statistics, in the eyes of about 23 million university graduates in India, western enterprises are becoming more and more attractive. One quarter of the largest 1000 companies in the United States use software developed in India. Indian pharmaceutical industry also occupies an important position in the global market. 40% of the world's "generic drugs" (drugs whose patent period has expired) are produced in India. This industry has driven disposable personal income to rise rapidly with a double-digit growth rate. At the same time, a number of middle classes have emerged in Indian society that pay attention to enjoyment and are willing to spend. In addition, some large-scale infrastructure projects, such as the 6000-kilometer-long expressway network and the booming export trade, have also provided powerful successors for economic development. It is reported that by 2020, India will become one of the countries with the fastest economic growth in the world, and its foreign trade will jump to 10 in the foreign trade ranking list of all countries in the world [4]. Of course, the Indian economy also has weaknesses that cannot be ignored, such as imperfect infrastructure, high fiscal deficit, and excessive dependence on energy and raw materials. Politically, changes in social ethics and tensions in Kashmir may lead to economic turmoil. Russia-World Gas Station The Russian economy that experienced the 1998 financial crisis is like a phoenix reborn from the ashes. In the recent international credit rating, it was rated as investment grade by Standard & Poor's, a famous securities research institution. The rise in oil and gas prices has undoubtedly put wings on the Russian economy. The exploitation and production of these two industrial veins control one-fifth of the national output today, creating 50% of the export trade output value and 40% of the national income. In addition, Russia is the largest producer of palladium, platinum and titanium. Similar to the situation in Brazil, the biggest threat to the Russian economy is also hidden in politics. Although Putin's government has successfully increased the gross national product by 30% during its five-year term, the disposable national income has also increased substantially, but the lack of democracy embodied by the government in handling the case of Jocks Oil Company has become a poison for long-term investment, which is tantamount to an invisible sword of Damocles. Although Russia has a vast territory and abundant resources, the government can't sit back and relax in the face of future development if it lacks the necessary institutional reforms to effectively curb corruption. If Russia is not satisfied with being a gas station in the world economy for a long time, it is imperative to devote itself to the process of modernization and reform and improve production efficiency. Investors should pay close attention to the changes in current economic policies, which is another important factor affecting Russian financial market besides raw material prices. Answer over. Thank you.