1. Loan application: When the borrower needs loan funds, he should apply for a loan in the way and content required by the lender, and abide by the principle of honesty and trustworthiness, and promise that the materials provided are true, complete and effective. The basic contents of the application usually include: the borrower's name, enterprise nature, business scope, type, term, amount, method, use, payment plan, debt service plan, etc. , and provide other relevant information according to the requirements of the lender.
2. Accept the investigation: after receiving the borrower's loan application, the bank should collect the borrower's information by the loan officer in charge of customer relationship management in an effective way, investigate and analyze its qualification, credit status, financial status and operation, evaluate its credit rating, and evaluate the project benefit and solvency; At the same time, we should also analyze the credit status and financial status of the guarantor. If collateral is involved, we must also analyze its ownership status, market value and liquidity. The loan officer shall write a written report according to the investigation contents, and put forward the investigation conclusions and credit opinions.
3. Risk assessment: the bank loan personnel submit the survey conclusions and preliminary loan opinions to the bank examination and approval department, which will conduct a comprehensive risk assessment of the pre-loan survey report and loan information, set quantitative or qualitative indicators and standards, review the borrower's situation, repayment sources and guarantee conditions, and comprehensively evaluate risk factors. Risk assessment belongs to the loan decision-making process and is one of the key links in the whole process of loan management.
4. What should banks follow when approving loans? Is loan approval separated from grading approval? In principle, the investment, amount, term, interest rate and other loan contents and conditions of credit funds will be finally decided, and approval opinions will be signed step by step.
5. Contract signing and contract signing emphasize the principle of agreement commitment. After the loan application is examined and approved, the bank and the borrower shall sign a written loan contract as a legal document defining the rights and obligations of both parties. Its basic contents should include the amount, term, interest rate, loan type, purpose, payment method, repayment guarantee, risk disposal and other elements and related details. For secured loans, banks also need to sign a written guarantee contract with the guarantor; For mortgage-secured loans, banks must also sign mortgage-secured contracts and go through relevant legal procedures such as registration.
6. Lending, emphasizing the separation of lending and borrowing, and paying for real loans. The lender shall set up an independent responsible department or post to be responsible for the review of loan issuance. Before granting the loan, the lender shall confirm that the borrower meets the withdrawal conditions agreed in this contract, manage and control the payment of the loan funds in the manner agreed in this contract, and supervise the use of the loan funds according to the agreed purposes.
7. For loan payment, the lender shall set up an independent department or post responsible for loan payment review and payment operation. If the payment is entrusted to the Lender, the Lender shall examine whether the transaction materials meet the conditions agreed in this Contract. After approval, the loan funds will be paid to the borrower's transaction object through the borrower's account. In the case of payment by the borrower, the lender shall require the borrower to regularly summarize and report the payment of loan funds, and verify whether the loan payment meets the agreed purpose through account analysis, voucher inspection and on-site investigation.
8. Post-loan management and post-loan management are credit management behaviors that banks inspect or monitor the contract implementation and the borrower's operation and management after the loan is issued. Its main contents include three aspects: supervising the borrower's loan use, tracking the financial situation and solvency of the enterprise, and checking the integrity of loan collateral and security right. Its main purpose is to urge the borrower to use the loan reasonably according to the purpose agreed in the contract, find and take effective measures to correct and deal with the problem loan in time, give information feedback on the loan investigation, review and approval, and adjust the strategy and content of cooperation with the borrower in time.
9. Recovery and disposal, loan recovery and disposal are directly related to the realization of expected income of commercial banks and the safety of credit funds. Repaying the loan principal and interest in full according to the contract is the basic requirement for the borrower to fulfill the loan contract and safeguard the rights and interests of all parties in the credit relationship. The bank shall prompt the borrower to repay the principal and interest in advance; If the loan needs to be extended, the lender shall carefully evaluate the rationality and feasibility of the extension, scientifically determine the extension period, and strengthen post-extension management; If the borrower fails to repay the loan on schedule due to temporary operational difficulties, the lender may negotiate with the borrower to restructure the loan; For non-performing loans, the lender shall write off or preserve them in accordance with relevant regulations and methods.