On the other hand, due to the serious epidemic situation in novel coronavirus, the state calls on everyone to go out as little as possible. But every household's electric cars are basically parked for a long time, which coincides with winter. As the temperature drops, how to ensure that vehicles can be parked for a long time in low temperature season, thus reducing the occurrence of faults.
Coincidentally, Dianbang's WeChat backstage also received some advice from Dianbang friends about how to park for a long time in winter. Today, let's take a look at how to store electric cars in winter, what aspects need to be maintained and how to maintain them.
■? Why can't the vehicle start after a period of time?
Many car owners will travel during the Spring Festival, and when they come back, they will find that their old good car can't start now. Usually, the vehicle can't start because the battery (commonly known as small battery) voltage of the vehicle is not enough.
Then the problem comes again. Why is the battery dead when the appliances in the car are not used? This is due to the low temperature in winter, especially in the north. Due to the physical characteristics in winter, the battery is already in a low voltage state. In addition, you think the vehicle is closed, but there are still many electrical appliances, such as the electronic watch in the car, keyless entry system, ECU? And other equipment. So at this time, the battery is in a slight discharge state, and long-term discharge of the vehicle will lead to too low battery voltage consumption to start the vehicle (the normal starting voltage is 12? v？ ~? 13? Between v, below? 12? V becomes a low voltage state).
What is the service life of the battery? 2? ~? 3? About 2008, this situation will also shorten the service life of the battery. The price of a battery in the market ranges from several hundred yuan to several thousand yuan. Try not to use photoelectricity.
Solution: The simplest way to solve this problem is to cut off the power supply, that is, if the vehicle wants to park for a long time, then take off the negative pile head of the battery (the screw needs to be loosened), and then the vehicle will be cut off from the root, but at this time, without the key to enter, the remote controller can not be used, so it is necessary to lock and unlock the vehicle with a mechanical key.
It is important to pay special attention here. Now many vehicles have memory function. After the power failure, the big bottle and the central lock on the car will not be used. So be sure to ask the vehicle before the power failure. Shopping.
■? Should the power battery be fully charged when parked for a long time?
The most important component of an electric vehicle is the power battery, so it can be said that most of the cost of the vehicle is here. Therefore, the vehicle can be used for a longer time while maintaining the power battery. Then the problem is coming. If you don't drive the vehicle for a long time, how should you maintain the electric battery?
Many car owners find that once the temperature is often below zero in winter, especially in the north, even if the vehicle is fully charged, the power will drop by 1% to 2% the next morning. This is not the problem of the battery, but because of the physical characteristics of the battery, part of the power has dropped. At present, most new energy vehicles use ternary lithium batteries. If it is not used for a long time, the lithium in the battery will be inert, which will obviously reduce the battery power in the future.
Solution: There should be two situations here. First of all, if you just park your car for a short time, say, a week, you just need to fully charge it before you leave.
Secondly, if you plan to park your vehicle for a long time, such as one month or half a year, it is recommended that friends or family members regularly charge the vehicle to ensure that the power battery of the vehicle is always fully charged. In this way, even after a period of time, lithium in the power battery pack will be more active. This will protect the power battery pack.
■? Tires are flat in winter. Do you need to push up the tire pressure?
If you have been paying attention to the tire pressure of the vehicle, you will find that the tire pressure will be lower than the previous preset value every morning when you start the vehicle in winter. Even some owners' vehicles had low tire pressure before, and tire pressure alarm appeared after starting the vehicle overnight.
In fact, this is a very simple physical phenomenon-thermal expansion and cold contraction. When the vehicle is driving, the tire is in a state of friction with the ground, so when driving for a long time, the internal temperature of the tire rises rapidly through the physical phenomenon of friction and heat generation, which also leads to the increase of tire pressure. On the contrary, when the tire is at rest, the temperature will gradually decrease and the tire pressure will also decrease.
After the vehicle is parked for a long time, the contact parts of the four tires are prone to compression, contraction and deformation, and the longer the parking time, the more difficult it is to recover the deformed parts.
Solution: If the vehicle needs to be parked for a long time, the tire pressure of the vehicle can be slightly higher. Every car has a recommended tire pressure in front of the co-pilot or main driver's seat. We can beat more on the basis of this recommended tire pressure, so that the tire can bear a certain pressure and prevent the tire from deforming at the position where it contacts the ground. After all, our vehicle is at a standstill, and there is no danger if the tire pressure is higher.
When we are ready to drive a vehicle, we need to check the tire pressure first. If the tire pressure is still in a high state, it is recommended to put it at the standard tire pressure recommended by the vehicle before driving to avoid the danger of puncture.
■? Can you cover the car to avoid getting dirty?
In order to keep the appearance of the vehicle clean when parking for a long time, many car owners will choose to buy a car cover that matches their own models to "cover" the vehicle. This seems to keep the appearance of the vehicle clean, but it will actually scratch the paint surface.
In the cold and dry north, dust will still enter the hood, which is in close contact with the corners of the vehicle. If these positions are constantly rubbed in the case of strong wind, coupled with the role of dust, the damage to the paint surface is very great. When you come back to open the hood, you may find many scratches and paint falling off.
Solution: The correct solution is that if our vehicle needs to be parked for a long time, it is not necessary to wear the hood. However, after the vehicle is cleaned and waxed, the car wax can form a protective film on the paint surface to avoid the friction of dust on the car paint and the corrosion of bird droppings.
In addition, if possible, you can park your car in the basement, which can protect you from the wind and rain, avoid the sun exposure, and keep your car from freezing. After all, the temperature in the basement is much warmer than that outside.
The problem of long-term parking mentioned above is all about how to park the vehicle, but let's answer some questions raised by netizens about "getting up" after long-term parking.
■? What do I need to check when I am going to drive away after a long parking?
Solution: In addition to the connection of the negative battery pile head mentioned above, it is also necessary to check the wiper (it will freeze on the windshield if it is not cleaned in time after snowing), glass water and tire pressure.
Here we should focus on glass water and wipers. If the glass water freezes, it means that the glass water you added is not winter glass water, but the freezing point is 0? Summer glass water at 20℃. At this time, it is necessary to wait for the frozen glass water to melt and replace it with winter glass water with lower freezing point. Don't spray glass water. Don't try to spray glass water for a long time, otherwise it will easily cause overheating damage to the water pump.
In addition, if the wiper is frozen on the windshield, just turn on the warm air and adjust it to the windshield blowing mode, and then wipe the wiper rubber sheet clean after melting.
■? Does the car need to be "warmed up" like a fuel car when it starts?
Many car owners will think that electric vehicles need to be "hot" like fuel vehicles when they are started after a long period of parking. Actually, you don't have to worry. Because there is no internal combustion engine involved in the work, the electric vehicle does not need to be warmed up when starting, but it is very particular when driving.
Solution: Why do you say that driving is very particular? Although electric vehicles do not use hot cars in the traditional sense, the lubricating oil in the power battery and gearbox is in a low temperature state after long-term discharge. Although the power batteries of the current models are equipped with constant temperature system, this heating takes a certain time, and the power of the power battery is cut off very quickly when discharging at low temperature, so we try to step on the accelerator slowly at the beginning of driving to avoid the obvious decline of cruising range caused by high-speed driving.
Another method is to heat the power battery by charging, because charging is not allowed if the battery temperature is not enough. The vehicle will start the battery preheating system first, or the battery thermostatic system will heat the battery to the best state before charging. We can use this method to heat the power battery and drive the vehicle. At this time, the battery will work at a suitable temperature, and the power failure will be normal.
On the other hand, the lubricating oil in the gearbox will become sticky because it is at low temperature, and it cannot achieve good lubrication effect. So at this time, we can drive at a low speed. After driving for a period of time, the temperature in the gearbox will rise, making the lubricating oil thinner and better lubricating the gear.
■? What are the precautions before departure?
Before going out, you should pay attention to check whether the accessories of all new energy pure electric vehicles are in good condition, such as whether the tire pressure is sufficient, whether the front and rear brakes are sensitive, whether the whole vehicle has abnormal noise, whether the screws are loose and whether the battery is fully charged. In case of water accumulation in rain and snow, the hub center cannot be submerged by water, so as to prolong the life of battery and motor of pure electric vehicle.
It is important to point out here that if your vehicle can't run normally after stepping on the accelerator pedal after releasing the handbrake. It's probably a problem with the braking system, such as freezing in the water. At this time, we can observe whether there is icing between the brake disc and the caliper. If you can't drive normally without ice, it is recommended to tow the vehicle to? 4S？ The shop checked the front and rear axles.
■? Bangping branch
It is not difficult to park electric cars for a long time in winter. As long as you pay attention to the above points, you can reduce the losses caused by long-term parking. In addition, it is still not recommended for car owners to park their vehicles for a long time. After all, vehicles parked for a long time are in a state of loss. If possible, start the vehicle for a period of time every week to ensure that it is always in good condition.
This article comes from car home, the author of the car manufacturer, and does not represent car home's position.